Culture has been defined as ‘the total set of beliefs, attitudes, customs, behaviour, and social habits of the members of a particular society’. Our culture informs us what is appropriate, what’s regular, what is settle forable when dealing with different members of our society. Our tradition lets us know what to expect from others, what they will say in certain situations, and the way in which they will say it. It lets us know how they will act, and how they will react. It is the wisdom of the ages handed down to the present. We are affected by it, and it is affected by us. Tradition is in a continuing state of flux, altering incrementally, altering the way we speak and the way we think, the way we act and the way we react.
That tradition is indelibly linked to language is undeniable, for language is a vehicle by which it is transmitted, probably its chief vehicle. One observable way in which language acts as a vehicle for, or a transmitter of, tradition is in the use of idiomatic language. Idiomaticity is arguably the most common form of language, when it comes to percentages of the whole. Idiomatic language, most frequently found within the form of phrases consisting of more than one word, typically does not conform to say the grammatical construction of non-idiomatic language. For instance, in the phrase, ‘at large’, as used in the expression, ‘the public at massive’, or within the sentence, ‘The escaped convicts had been at massive for 2 weeks before being recaptured.’, the preposition ‘at’ appears before what seems to be an adjective, ‘giant’. This appears to be in direct contradiction to the ‘regular’ place such a part of speech occupies in a grammatically appropriate sentence, viz. before a noun, comparable to within the following examples, ‘at residence’, ‘at work’, ‘at the office’ et al. The phrase, ‘at large’ showing on the page in isolation from any context that might make its which means more transparent, has an opaque quality where semantic meaning is anxious, and perhaps still retains some of its opacity of meaning even within the context of a sentence.
To members of the community utilizing such idiomatic language, there may be tacit agreement on what these phrases imply, despite their opaque quality. Idioms are cultural entities.
To learners of a overseas language, any foreign language, culture imbues language with this opacity. The word, table is well understood and realized, however what concerning the phrase, ‘to table a motion’? That phrase carries a cultural worth that’s not readily appreciated or obvious to a learner. The which means doesn’t reside within the particular person words that make up the phrase. The verb, ‘to table’ must initially appear nonsensical to a learner. Likewise, ‘a motion’ must appear like an anachronism, having discovered that motion is a synonym for the word ‘movement’.
Each tradition has its own collection of phrases that are peculiar to it, and whose meanings are not readily apparent. Had been this not so, George Bernard Shaw’s adage that America and Britain are two nations separated by the identical language would have no ironical appeal. Ostensibly, we speak the identical language, the British and the Individuals, however both varieties use many various words, and have many different phrases which might be often mutually unintelligible, and generally uttered very differently. Generally only the context in which a phrase or word is used serves to disentangle. Typically even the context is not quite enough. Typically we think we now have understood when we’ve not.
This factors out one other feature of culture certain language; that it exists within a bigger entity, that localized varieties exist. What is comprehensible to an individual from one region could also be unintelligible to at least one from another. If this is true within the community of a particular set of users of 1 language, how a lot more must it hold true to learners of that language. Many a learner of English, feeling herself proficient, has gone to England only to seek out the language at worst totally unintelligible, and at greatest emblematic, however still not fully comprehensible.
The ‘cultural weighting’ of any language, within the form of idiomatic phrases, is understood by members of that cultural community, or maybe more correctly, and more narrowly defined, by the members of that particular speech community, and conversely, shouldn’t be readily understood by those that come from another tradition or even another speech community, albeit ostensibly within the same culture.
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